Tuesday, August 2, 2022

What I said: on the limits of the human brain

I need to return to this topic, as this post lacks clarity and explanation.

 In about 1984, I had been researching (as in reading) about neuroethology.  In 1980 or 1981 (probably) I returned to UCSB, after a time in Micronesia.  I was inspired.  During a previous year, between my time in the Marshall Islands and Kiribati, I had virtually camped out at the UCSB library, soaking up everything I could about Micronesia.  My travels began with an intention to immerse myself in Underwater Photography.  I had been exposed to much more than I had anticipated.  When I checked in with Immigration at the Majuro airport, I was told I would be allowed a year's visa in the Trust Territory; I had planned for five years.   

It was a wonderful time, never to be revisited, but it all seems a blur.  Eventually, I was accepted to return to UCSB, with the stated intention of pursuing Naval Architecture, with the hope of studying the Outrigger Canoes of Micronesia.  I began in 1981 with an eye to Mechanical Engineering; once I was actually on campus, however, I woke up to realize that I had first come to UCSB in 1964 with a dream of studying Marine Biology.  So I changed my major, immediately, and buried myself in the books.  This experience was a far cry from my earlier two years when the University was just the next step, I think, in a pre-ordained path.  

 During my three or so years at UCSB in the 1980s, I squirreled away credits with intensity and intention, in a broad range of disciplines.  I think I enrolled in 19-22 credits in almost every term, also taking courses in Summer Session.  In required subjects (for Biology studies) I took the more challenging courses, reasoning, as Tom Harding had taught me, that a man's reach should exceed his grasp.  It was my explicit intent to learn to read everything: I was more important, for example, to learn enough math, biochemistry, chemistry, physics, ethnology, linguistics, to grasp the language, to develop the background to proceed further on my own. 

 I held two work-study jobs, for two professors, doing library research.  As was my ilk, I immersed myself in these researches, to the extreme; even though the task was to generate slides for lectures, for these professors, I dug in deep.  

 Two of the subjects of interest at that time were ethnology and neuroethology.  Professor Jim Case had inspired me with his lectures in General Biology (Bio 7?) with his explorations of what we could learn about the brain, non-invasively.  Neuroethology was the study  of the neural circuitry in the context of behaviors.  Professor Tom Harding mentored me about ethnology of the Pacific Islands.

 A textbook, a broad-ranging treatment of Neuroethology, had a chapter about Industrial Psychology.  My interest was piqued when I learned of studies of workers in assembly jobs showing the number of errors increased over time.  An idea was associated with this work: the human brain did not evolve for prefect replication of repetitive tasks.  And, somehow, I realized or read that neither was the human brain evolved for engineering perfect systems; rather, for solving problems and improving on the existing imperfect solutions.

 My epiphany was a realization that humans could not possibly invent a perfect, unbreakable system, no matter what.   The problems posed by the desired objective---say, to design a perfect, unsinkable ship---are beyond our reach.

 

At the same time I was reading Linguistics.  Every Ling textbook starts with a statement that human language is a qualitatively distinct entity from animal communication that comes before it.  Thinking about the limitations of the human brain, I felt this was an insult to my intelligence.  I will not dive deeper; there is more meat on this bone.

Today I saw an article about a single-core computer broke a quantum encryption target. 

https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2022/08/sike-once-a-post-quantum-encryption-contender-is-koed-in-nist-smackdown/

 This is just another example: it will never be possible to design a perfect system of encryption.  The attempts to do so will involve a never-ending spiral.

Wednesday, July 27, 2022

Ironic: Paper relying on Citizen Science unavailable to citizens

 I was unable to find a copy of this paper online:

Martin, Daniel, Marika Mecca, Miguel Meca, Godfried van Moorsel, and Chiara Romano. "Citizen science and integrative taxonomy reveal a great diversity within Caribbean Chaetopteridae (Annelida), with the description of one new species." Invertebrate Systematics.

 I think CSIRO is involved in this publication, though I'm not sure.  In any event, this begs disbelief; it is just one more example of how big scientific publishing is operating to disfavor non-institutional science.  

One is struck by a lighting bolt of helplessness.  Capitalism is standing in the road.

 

Tuesday, December 29, 2020

Public Domain Day

This web page provides a landscape-scale picture window into the state of digital public access to literature.  The progress over the past few years has been spectacular.   

 From the banner as of December 29, 2020:

January 1, 2021 is Public Domain Day: Works from 1925 are open to all!

Public Domain Center: Public Domain Day 2021


 

 

Sunday, August 16, 2020

The Story of Bathybius

The subject of mis-identification of microscopic material  leads to some respected authorities in the annals of science.  Bathybius is a classic example.   Another one is the misinterpretation of the life cycle of Millepora spp.  by a staunch authority of Invertebrate Zoology, Sydney Hickson.  They may serve as a cautionary tale.  Conclusions are jumped at for many reasons.  Perhaps as evidence of a favorite theory (that is wrong). 

 The link here is to an article by a historian of science about Bathybius. 

 

Thursday, August 6, 2020

Something that matters. How are we going to teach the kids about Nuclear Waste Dumps (etc.)?

This article by BBC hits the mark:

 How to build a nuclear warning for 10,000 years’ time

Some perspective: the atmosphere's thickness is something in proportion to the thickness of a layer of paint on a basketball.   

 

 

 

 

Teaching Environmental Science was an accident.  The most fortuitous accident of all.  As my grasp of the subject  matured, the fog lifted.  That was when I began prefacing every first class meeting with something like this:

  This course will be an introduction to the impact of humans on our world: our planet, to be sure, and also our community.  Throughout our history, we have treated the environment as a combined supermarket and rubbish heap.  My generation has caused its share of the damage; but during this generation, more than any other, the condition of our planet has become a focus of attention.

In 1969, a human snapped a photo of Earth, from the Moon.  This was not the first, but is a convenient marker for the time that the Earth became visible as a blue marble.  Perhaps this marked the beginning of an Era.

My parents and my grandparents were unaware of the impacts of the lifestyle they had elected to pursue, with improvements in health, medicine, onsumer goods, transportation,...  in every aspect of life.  With the Industrial Revolution---beginning in about 1750---came an explosion of goods---cooking pots, weapons, locomotive, steam engines, ushering in a consumer economy on a massive scale.  In the 1950s plastics appeared, refining this industry, making possible manufacture of previously unimaginable forms.  Refrigeration, electricity, commonplace plumbing, automobiles, roads.  This seemed to forebode a better life.  In cities, human existence was transformed.  Populations exploded.

But little attention had been given to consequences and side effects.  

While none of us from previous generations intended all of this trouble, it has happened, and today, in the 21st century, Environmental problems such as global warming, over harvesting of marine life and trees, destruction of ecosystems, pollution of rivers and streams, plastics and microplastics in the Oceans---all of these problems now threaten the existence of our own species and our lifestyles.  We have caused the extinction of numerous species, and accelerated the transport of other, robust species to places they do not belong.

 In the 1970s, perhaps, the problems became obvious enough that Universities began to offer degrees in Environmental Science, and some high schools began, around that time to offer courses in Environmental Science.  In recent times, almost all high schools in America and probably other coutries offer courses in Environmental Science.  Something has happened.

Why are we teaching these classes?   In a few words: we cannot be here to solve the problems that threaten the very existence of our children and students, so we need to help your generation and future generations to grapple with and solve them.  We are obligated to provide you with tools, and to help you to understand the problems, the science, and possible future scenarios.  Tools.  

 

I would argue that Nuclear Waste is a different kind of problem.  

Here's the core issue: Nuclear Waste does not go away, not in hundreds of lifetimes.  

To the children, and their children's children, for hundreds of generations: Here's the crux of your inherited problem.  Neither Mars, nor any other known planet, can save us.  This is our planet, and we are destroying its life nurturing abilities. I think plastics are terrible; but even plastics should no longer be a problem by then. 

When I look at that photograph of Earth from the Moon, it does not feel like a goodbye photo.   We need to do better.   Let's work on that.


For perspective, here is the first photo of Earth ever taken from space--in 1946.